静电场轨道阱质谱在水中溶解性有机质表征中的应用进展     

王书越  何洪源  饶竹  石喆元  孟建卫  王立平  李开开 《地球学报》2022,43(1):101-109

溶解性有机质(Dissolved Organic Matter,DOM)在水生生态环境中广泛存在,影响着水环境中多种物质的生物地球化学性质.分析其组成与含量具有重要的生态环境意义,是生态环境科学领域研究的热点.溶解性有机质组成非常复杂,其分子组成的解析一直是难题.近年来,具有高分辨率、高灵敏度、高通量、高扫描速率等特性...  相似文献   

含富锂(钾)卤水断陷盆地的深部构造特征: 以中国华南吉泰盆地为例          下载免费PDF全文

刘志伟  侯献华  郑绵平  乜贞  司国帅  鹿颖  戴顺铭  李继 《地球科学》2022,47(1):110-121

中国华南吉泰盆地在白垩纪?古近纪发育大量蒸发岩,其中含富锂卤水矿床,由于盆地深部构造特征认识不清,导致富锂卤水矿勘查评价明显滞后.基于盆地东北部泰和坳陷二维地震数据和钻孔资料,经过精细保幅处理和综合构造解释,总结了含富锂卤水矿断陷盆地的深部构造特征.地震剖面和构造属性表明,盆地深部发育错断白垩系的NE-SW走向、NW倾...  相似文献   

西南某电站右岸开挖边坡稳定性的FLAC3D分析   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  

乔国文王运生  房冬恒 《工程地质学报》2004,12(3):280-284

西南某大型水电站引水发电洞进水口边坡顶部在开挖过程中出现带状裂缝 ,引起了多方的极大关注。在对该边坡系统的地质调查基础上 ,确立了其变形破坏模式 ;通过FLAC3D模拟开挖过程 ,客观地验证了实际开挖过程中边坡的变形及其顶部平台出现的裂缝 ;并预测了在采取加固措施后边坡内部变形趋势。经计算 ,开挖面临空方向最大位移量达到 5 .4cm。此后 ,经过有效的锚固处理 ,边坡经过变形和应力的调整 ,总体上趋于稳定 ,为确保进水口隧洞的顺利开挖提供了科学依据  相似文献   

基于分水岭和多尺度分割方法的耕地信息提取     

张紫萍  程小凯  李景文 《地理空间信息》2012,(3):51-53

在探讨了分水岭和多尺度相结合的影像分割方法的基础上,研究了高分辨率影像耕地的信息分类以及分类精度评定;重点对影像分类精度进行了分析,在影像分类的过程中,分别采用基于像素的分类方法和基于对象的分类方法,实验结果表明基于对象的耕地分类方法精度远高于传统的分类方法。  相似文献   

Prediction of overland flow and seepage zones associated with the interaction of multiple infiltration devices (cascading infiltration devices)     

David D. J. Antia 《水文研究》2008,22(14):2595-2614

Infiltration devices are traditionally evaluated as standalone entities that do not interact with each other. A model is outlined that will allow interactions between proposed infiltration devices to be predicted prior to a development commencing. The model allows prediction of seepage into downslope devices and the assessment of the locations where the combined ground‐water mound will reach the surface and result in overland flow. The volume of overland flow discharged by the seepage zone may exceed the overland and piped flow received by the infiltration devices. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

An ANN‐based model for spatiotemporal groundwater level forecasting     

Vahid Nourani  Asghar Asghari Mogaddam  Ata Ollah Nadiri 《水文研究》2008,22(26):5054-5066

This paper evaluates the feasibility of using an artificial neural network (ANN) methodology for estimating the groundwater levels in some piezometers placed in an aquifer in north‐western Iran. This aquifer is multilayer and has a high groundwater level in urban areas. Spatiotemporal groundwater level simulation in a multilayer aquifer is regarded as difficult in hydrogeology due to the complexity of the different aquifer materials. In the present research the performance of different neural networks for groundwater level forecasting is examined in order to identify an optimal ANN architecture that can simulate the piezometers water levels. Six different types of network architectures and training algorithms are investigated and compared in terms of model prediction efficiency and accuracy. The results of different experiments show that accurate predictions can be achieved with a standard feedforward neural network trained usung the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The structure and spatial regressions of the ANN parameters (weights and biases) are then used for spatiotemporal model presentation. The efficiency of the spatio‐temporal ANN (STANN) model is compared with two hybrid neural‐geostatistics (NG) and multivariate time series‐geostatistics (TSG) models. It is found in this study that the ANNs provide the most accurate predictions in comparison with the other models. Based on the nonlinear intrinsic ANN approach, the developed STANN model gives acceptable results for the Tabriz multilayer aquifer. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

CHINA’S FOUR MAJOR METEOROLOGICAL SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTS     

Ma Henian  Tang Xu 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1999,13(2):129-140

China lies in East-Asian monsoon region,which is one of the well-known active monsoon zones around the world.Monsoon anomaly results in frequent natural disasters,such as drought,torrential rain and flood.In 1998,joint intensified observations for 4 major meteorological scientific experiments have been carried out over Chinese major monsoon affected areas.A number of valuable data have been obtained and some observational facts have come out after initial analysis.The present paper is to give an introduction to the 4 major meteorological scientific experiments conducted in 1998 in China.including its origin and scientific goals,implementation and planning,equipment and progress,and initial findings from the important observational facts.It aims to provide a comprehensive report on the progress of the above experiments for those who are interested in.  相似文献   

P–T–t evidence for mechanisms of vertical tectonic motion in a contractional orogen: north-western US and Canadian Cordillera     

Whitney  Miller  & Paterson 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1999,17(1):75-90

The >1800 km long Coast Mountains–North Cascades orogen of the Canadian Cordillera and north-western US developed as a continental magmatic arc. Metamorphic rocks in the orogen contain widespread evidence for burial of supracrustal rocks to depths of c. 40 km, followed by nearly isothermal decompression to depths of <10 km. Near many shallowly-emplaced, mid-Cretaceous plutons, low-pressure contact metamorphic effects were overprinted by high-pressure regional metamorphic minerals and textures, as evidenced by kyanite±staurolite pseudomorphs after andalusite in metapelitic rocks. Therefore, near-pluton rocks record the loading history of the orogen. Metapelitic rocks not associated with plutons only preserve evidence for high-pressure conditions and/or high-temperature decompression, as indicated, for example, by sillimanite and cordierite after kyanite and garnet, respectively. Petrological evidence for burial and decompression is therefore recorded in different rocks. Various regions of the orogen differ in timing of metamorphism, the overall shape of P–T paths and the relative timing and regional extent of the high-pressure event, but most of these data and observations are consistent with thrusting and/or pure shear thickening as primary loading mechanisms throughout the orogen, as opposed to magma-dominated loading. This interpretation is further supported by comparison with thermal models, which demonstrate that the P–T paths are consistent with simultaneous thrusting and folding at a high initial geothermal gradient (35–40 °C km^?1) in much of the orogen. A high geothermal gradient supports tectonic models invoking intra-arc contraction and suggests that magmatism played an important role in regional temperature-time paths. This tectonic-thermal history may be typical of other contractional orogens and illustrates the importance of large vertical displacement of crust in magmatic arcs.  相似文献   

撤县设区与区域经济发展——基于双重差分方法的政策评估     

庄汝龙  李光勤  梁龙武  宓科娜 《地理研究》2020,39(6):1386-1400

撤县设区作为行政区划调整的一项政策措施,对于缓解土地资源紧张、推动城市化进程、加快经济一体化方面具有重要意义,但其对区域经济发展的多维影响及其机制还有待进一步验证。以广东省为研究区域,利用79个县（市）2000—2015年的面板数据,运用双重差分方法系统考察撤县设区对区域经济发展的“净”影响。结果表明：撤县设区显著促进了区域经济发展,平均而言,撤县设区对经济发展的贡献为4.8%;撤县设区在珠三角地区效果更好,而在非珠三角地区不稳定;撤县设区的政策红利具有时间滞后性,一般在第三、第四年才开始显现;此外,机制分析发现,撤县设区后能够获得基建、规划、政策等的有力支持,增加财政收入和固定资产投资,有助于第二产业及其相关产业发展,并在增加就业和刺激消费基础上着力推动经济发展。  相似文献   

新型城镇化的人地耦合异速增长分析方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

洪建智  郭碧云  付迎春  聂欢 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(5):1049-1062

在新型城镇化背景下的城市人口规模与用地面积变化具有复杂性,研究两种要素城镇化水平的相对增长关系,有助于探索人地耦合发展的协同态势及变化动因。本文选取广州市2000—2015年的Landsat时序影像与2000、2010和2015年的人口普查与年鉴数据,在街道（乡镇）尺度上计算人口土地城镇化耦合指数识别4种耦合类型,并在此基础上提出年均增长率异速关系拟合方法。研究结果表明：① 2000—2015年广州市街道（乡镇）人口和土地城镇化呈现明显的圈层结构（核心、内、外圈层）特征,4种人地耦合类型的异速增长分别呈现正异速、负异速、负幂律3种形式,证明人地耦合分类的异速增长建模方法有助于分析人地城镇化的动态演化过程;② 基于人地耦合指数的异速标度分析表明,核心圈层—内圈层—外圈层结构上分别形成了高度集约—集约—相对粗放式扩张的发展格局,结合城市更新改造的空间分析,说明这一特色新型城镇化模式在广州具有一定成效,已初步形成了核心圈层与内圈层协同发展的态势,但需要注意防控外圈层的粗放型增长。研究结果可为新型城镇化理论内涵的认知探索和广州市案例的实证研究提供支持。  相似文献